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Silver plating

Silver plating services have gained popularity in the lead frame industry as well as in LED applications where silver’s optical reflectivity is utilized. Silver is anti-microbial and has been used in the medical, consumer, and water treatment industries for these natural germicidal properties.

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Silver has extremely high electrical and thermal conductivity – better than that of gold – which has solidified its use in high current power transmission and lower current power connector applications. Silver also is an excellent high temperature lubricant and can be utilized for various high temperature anti-galling applications within the bearing or fastener industries.

•Silver: The energy and power distribution industries rely on silver electroplating of aluminum to improve corrosion protection and surface conductivity. Silver also provides good lubricity and solderability.

The use of a nickel underplate prior to silver plating copper can improve the performance of the overall deposit in several ways. 



•Diffusion barrier: When silver is plated on copper a natural solid-state diffusion of the copper into the silver will occur over time.  The rate of diffusion is accelerated greatly at elevated temperatures.  As copper diffuses into silver it forms a hybrid copper/silver eutectic layer which negatively affects adhesion, solderability and electrical performance. Nickel forms an effective diffusion barrier to prevent this copper/silver migration from occurring.  This intermediate layer of nickel is highly recommended in most specifications and even required in some such as ASTM B700 (Section 6.3.4) and QQ-S-365 (Section 3.3.5).


•Corrosion Performance: Silver protects copper from oxidation by forming a barrier layer between the environment and the copper substrate; this type of corrosion protection is commonly referred to as barrier corrosion protection.  The addition of a nickel underplate prior to silver plating helps form a more effective barrier between the copper base and the environment since it limits the overall deposit porosity.  Since nickel is a less expensive metal than silver, a heavy deposit of nickel can be used to improve corrosion performance with much less cost impact than increasing the silver thickness alone.

•Load/Bearing Durability: The use of a nickel underplate helps provide a rigid structure for which the silver layer can be deposited upon.  This helps reduce the wear of the silver in high contact pressure switching and wear applications such as fuse stabs or high voltage switch gear.


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